Fincastle was established in 1770, the same year the Boston Massacre lit the spark that became the American Revolution. The town was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1969 – the year Neil Armstrong walked on the moon. During the intervening two centuries, Fincastle was a bustling western outpost, a hive of taverns, saddle shops, millers, livery stables, chair and furniture makers, blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and a blue dyer (blue being the most elegant and expensive color of the day). Fincastle was the last stop on the Great Wilderness Road to the west.
The Big Spring was one of the many reasons this area was an Indian crossroad, and, later, one for settlers. It was a gathering place and a source for water. Its doorway, Jockey Alley (now Back Street), was where horses were traded, bet on, and raced.
In 1818, Thomas Jefferson provided drawings for a brick courthouse, which replaced the original log one. This courthouse burned in 1870, as did many original homes on Main Street.The courthouse was re-built,burned and then re-built again in the mid 1970's, using Jefferson’s plans.
The 1874 taxpayer lists identified 59 buildings, 26 log dwelling houses (many still extant, some covered now with siding), and 11 frame houses. Agriculture, with its handsome “plantation” homes, was a major business in the area during the next three-quarters of a century, and Fincastle provided a civic focus, entertainment, and business center.
The Civil War had little effect on Fincastle, other than the region-wide decline in resources. During the late 1800’s, Fincastle became a tourist attraction.Visitors came to “take the waters” and their ease in the cooler mountain air.
During the last century and today, Fincastle remains the county seat. The town has now settled into her skirts, and is a friendly, comfortable town, rich with architectural styles covering two centuries. The pending courthouse square renovations, scheduled to begin in late 2023, will help the town re-imagine the future.
P.O. Box 250
Fincastle, VA 24090
